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User Interface pada Game Komputer

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Antarmuka (Interface) merupakan mekanisme komunikasi antara pengguna (user) dengan sistem. Antarmuka (Interface) dapat menerima informasi dari pengguna (user) dan memberikan informasi kepada pengguna (user) untuk membantu mengarahkan alur penelusuran masalah sampai ditemukan suatu solusi. Antarmuka (Interface) berfungsi untuk menginput pengetahuan baru ke dalam basis pengetahuan sistem pakar (ES), menampilkan penjelasan sistem dan memberikan panduan pemakaian sistem secara berurutan sehingga pengguna mengerti apa yang akan dilakukan terhadap suatu sistem.

Desain user interface dalam game berbeda dari desain UI lainnya karena melibatkan unsur tambahan fiksi. Fiksi melibatkan avatar dari pengguna yang sebenarnya, atau player. Sebuah Desain Antarmuka (Interface) pada suatu Game mempengaruhi kenyamanan dan sejauh mana user/pengguna meminati Game tersebut.

Dalam desain user interface game, terdapat sebuah teori yang dikemukakan oleh Erik Fagerholt dan Magnus Lorentzon dari Chalmers University of Technology. Dalam tesisnya mereka menulis tesis tentang desain user interface berjudul Beyond the HUD - User Interfaces for Increased Player Immersion in FPS Games. Mereka memperkenalkan istilah berbagai jenis interface yang berkaitan dengan desain video game.

HUD itu sendiri kepanjangan dari Heads – up display, merupakan metode dimana informasi secara visul disampaikan kepada pemain sebagai bagian dari antarmukan pengguna permainan. Biasanya menunjukkan bar/kotak HP(Health Point) ataupun MP(Mana Point) dan biasanya muncul di atas kepala karakter. Fungsi HUD ini untuk memudahkan pemain mengetahui kondisi karakter dalam permainan.

Dalam desain antarmuka game terdapat beberapa elemen yang diantaranya adalah :

1. Diagetic: Desain antarmuka yang termasuk dalam permainan game yaitu yang dapat dilihat dan didengar oleh karakter dalam permainan. Yang dimaksudkan pada antarmuka diagetic ini segala sesuatu yang terlihat terkecuali elemen-elemen non-diegetic seperti HUD, Kursor mouse, Informasi dari Komputer,dll Contoh: Interface dalam game Dead Space, pada game Assassin’s Creed

2. Non-diegetic: Desain Antarmuka yang diberikan sebagai tambahan di luar dunia game itu sendiri, hanya terlihat dan terdengar ke pemain di dunia nyata. Sehingga seakan-akan karakter dalam dunia game tidak melihatnya. Mass Effect 3 menggunakan banyak Non-diegetik elemen UI untuk menginformasikan pemain senjata karakter dipilih dan kekuasaan - antara lain.

3. Spatial: Elemen User Interface yang disajikan dalam ruang permainan 3D dengan atau tanpa suatu entitas dari dunia permainan yang sebenarnya (diegetik atau non-diegetik). Outline karakter dalam Left 4 Dead adalah contoh dari non-diegetik User Interface spatial.

4. Meta: Gambaran yang bisa muncul dalam dunia game, namun tidak selalu divisualisasikan spasial untuk pemain.Contoh yang paling jelas adalah efek ditampilkan di layar, seperti percikan darah pada kamera untuk menunjukkan kerusakan. Contoh: Duty Calls- The Calm Before the Storm

penggunaan icon pada game juga mempengaruhi kenyamanan pemain dalam memilih perintah-perintah pada game. Desain icons dalam user Interface dibedakan menjadi dua jenis yaitu picons dan micons.

1. PICONS adalah singkatan dari Personal ICONS yaitu "ikon pribadi". Berbentuk kecil, gambar terbatas dan digunakan untuk mewakili pengguna dan domain di internet, disusun dalam database sehingga gambar yang sesuai untuk alamat e-mail yang diberikan dapat ditemukan. Selain pengguna dan domain, ada picons database untuk newsgroup Usenet dan prakiraan cuaca. Para picons berada dalam format XBM monokrom atau XPM warna dan format GIF.

a. Domain : logo untuk domain Internet

b. Misc : picons untuk akun umum

c. News : ikon untuk Usenet newsgroup

d. Unknown : standar picons karena sangat tinggi tingkat domain Internet

e. Usenix : wajah gambar peserta konferensi Usenix

f. Users : picons piutang individu (sering gambar wajah)

g. Weather : ikon untuk menampilkan ramalan cuaca

2. MICONS adalah Moving ICONS atau picons yang bergerak (dalam hal ini berupa file GIF animasi). Micons ini adalah animasi dari Picons tetapi bisa juga berupa video khusus yang dijadikan micons.

Keunggulan picons

a. Hemat kapasitas

b. Lebih praktis

c. Tidak membuat beban pada kinerja komputer

Keunggulan micons

a. Icons menjadi terlihat menyenangkan

b. Seperti melihat video dengan kapasitas kecil

Sumber Referensi:

http://muhamadjaelani35.blogspot.com/2013/04/pengertian-interface.html

http://teguh-cipta-halim.blogspot.com/2013/01/desain-pada-user-interface.html

http://miftakhun.blogspot.com/2013/01/element-user-interface-pada-game.html
http://youtube.com

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