Macam - Macam Modifier di Java

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Pada Tutorial sebelumnya kita telah membahas secara detail tentang Variable di Java. Pada kesempatan kali ini, kita akan bersama-sama mempelajari lebih dalam tentang modifier/pengenal di Java.

Apa itu Modifier? Ada berapa macam modifier di Java? dan Bagaimana cara menggunakannya? Temukan jawabannya di bawah ini.

Apa itu Modifier?
Modifier atau pengenal adalah sifat yang dimiliki oleh suatu atribut atau method di Java.

Ada berapa macam modifier?
Java menyediakan 2 macam tipe modifier, yaitu:

  • Access Modifier
  • Non-Access Modifier 

Java Access Modifier

Mengenal Access Modifier di Java

Ada 4 Macam Acces Modifier di Java sesuai gambar di atas, yaitu:
  • public
    Kelas, method maupun atribut yang mempunyai access modifier public dapat diakses dari manapun dan oleh kelas apapun.
     
  • protected
    Atribut dan method yang mempunyai access modifier protected, artinya bahwa atribut dan method tersebut dapat diakses oleh kelas yang sama, package yang sama, dan kelas turunannya (subclass).
     
  • default / no access
    Atribut dan method yang mempunyai access modifier default, artinya bahwa atribut dan method tersebut dapat diakses oleh kelas yang sama dan package yang sama.
     
  • private
    Atribut dan method yang mempunyai access modifier default, artinya bahwa atribut dan method tersebut dapat diakses oleh kelas yang sama dan package yang sama.

Contoh Program

public class Manusia{
    //bersifat private agar dapat diakses hanya kelas Manusia
    private String nama;

    //bersifat protected agar dapat diakses oleh subclass nya
    protected String jenisKelamin;

    public Manusia(String nama, String jenisKelamin){
        nama = nama;
        jenisKelamin = jenisKelamin;
    }

    public void setNama(String nama){
       this.nama = nama;
    }

    public String getNama(){
      return nama;
    }

    public void setJenisKelamin(String jenisKelamin){
      this.jenisKelamin = jenisKelamin;
    }

    public String tampilkan(){
       return("Nama : "+nama +"\nJenis Kelamin : "+jenisKelamin);
    }
}

Non Access Modifier

Java menyediakan beberapa macam Non-Access Modifier, yaitu:
  • static
    Static adalah salah satu jenis modifier di Java yang digunakan agar suatu atribut atau pun method dapat diakses oleh kelas atau objek tanpa harus melakukan instansiasi terhadap kelas tersebut.

    Method main adalah salah satu contoh method yang mempunyai modifier static.
     
  • final
    Final adalah salah satu modifier yang digunakan agar suatu atribut atau method bersifat final atau tidak bisa diubah nilainya. Modifier ini digunakan untuk membuat konstanta di Java.
     
  • abstract
    Abstract adalah modifier yang digunakan untuk membuat kelas dan method abstrak
     
  • synchronized
    Synchronized adalah modifier yang digunakan dalam aplikasi Java berbasis thread. Modifier ini menspesifikasikan bahwa method merupakan thread safe. Artinya bahwa hanya ada satu jalur eksekusi pada method yang menggunakan modifier jenis ini dan memaksa thread thread lain menunggu giliran.
     
  • native
    Modifier Native digunakan untuk spesifikasi method dengan implementasi di bahasa lain, seperti C, C++.
     
  • transient
    Modifier ini digunakan agar suatu variable tidak bisa di serialisasi. Serialization adalah konsep dimana sebuah objek dapat ditransfer dari suatu aplikasi ke aplikasi lainnya atau dari suatu workstation ke workstation lainnya. Konsep ini sangat diperlukan ketika membuat aplikasi client server.
     
    Salah satu tujuan serialization adalah bahwa tidak boleh ada perubahan terhadap atribut pada saat objek di transformasikan menjadi stream.
     
  • volatile
  • implements
  • extends
Sekian pembahasan mengenai Modifier di Java. Semoga bermanfaat


Sumber : http://javatutorial83.blogspot.co.id

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